Carnatic
Carnatic music is a sophisticated system of classical music from South India, defined by its intricate melodic structures known as ragas and complex rhythmic cycles called talas. It emphasizes manodharma (improvisation) and is deeply rooted in devotional, philosophical, and lyrical traditions.
Origin: South India (Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka).
Era: Ancient to contemporary, with codified structures dating back to the 14th century.